2. Larger context
Azo dyes are a specific type of dye characterized by their azo groups. An azo group consists of two nitrogen atoms connected by a double bond. In simpler terms, think of it as a pair of nitrogen buddies holding hands really tightly.
These azo dyes are big players in the dye world, making up about 60-70% of all dyes used in various industries. To give you a sense of their popularity, there are over 2,000 different types of azo dyes available in the market today. They're used for coloring various materials, from natural fibers like cotton, silk, and wool to man-made items like plastic and rubber. They even show up in paints and varnishes. Most common use cases are textiles: sportswear, swimsuits, underwear, hats, towels, etc.; leather goods: handbags, purses, wallets, chair covers, neck pouches, briefcases, leather jackets, and footwear; accessories: wristwatch straps, wigs, gloves, sleeping bags, etc, and among other things cosmetic products, such as colorants used in pigments.
Why are Azo dyes so commonly used?
The simple answer is that they are cost-effective and simple to apply. Plus, they pack a punch in the color department, offering bold and vibrant hues that really stand out. Whether it's a bright red shirt or a vividly colored piece of plastic, chances are, azo dyes had something to do with it. Thus, as long as there are some jurisdictions and ways to use it, using such dyes remains a very tempting option - especially in many Asian countries.